Thursday, October 31, 2019

Problem Solving Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Problem Solving - Essay Example Employees demanded for pay rise and the newly appointed managing director (MD), promised to solve the issue by the end of the year after consulting the board of directors (BOD). However, the BOD did not meet and the MD instructed the public relations (PR) office to relay the information to the employees. The PR officer then walked from office to office at lunch break to inform the employees whom most of them had gone for lunch in various places. The PR then promised to return to the various offices after lunchtime but unfortunately tripped on the stairs and had to be hospitalized. The MD had also gone for a meeting with the state’s health department. The employees who were eagerly waiting for the MD’s message got impatient and called for a strike. Although the strike was called off the next day, a few people were injured and most of them threatened to pursue charges on the management. Several factors affect communication in our organization. Authority structure in the o rganization is so bureaucratic such that there are a number of procedures to be followed before delivering information. An employee follows very long procedures before booking an appointment with the MD. Most of the computers used are old-fashioned and not support some applications hence making it had to interact. Some of the softwares used in the hospital do not support the hospital’s operations. Professionalism also plays a major role in influencing the hospital’s communication system. Doctors and other paramedics take themselves to be superior to other non-paramedics claiming that the institution being a health facility, is only important for them. Listening is one of the most important skills that comprise a larger percentage of an effective communication in an organization (Ellis, 2009, p.15-18). Good listening includes showing interest to the information being communicated by avoiding interruptions. Listening reduces mistakes while undertaking tasks given in an o rganization. Additionally, while speaking either in the office or in seminar, one should first allow others to speak, gather information by taking notes, and carefully think about others opinion. Before answering any question, acknowledge what other employees had talked about. Respond to the issues raised tactfully and plainly while giving practical examples and state your opinions on why you are disagreeing with others opinion. Moreover, a manager or an employee of an organization should always prepare before going for a forum, departmental meetings, taking phone calls, going for a media interview, writing a formal letter to other employees or internal memos. An employee should put down in writing any question to be asked or an explanation that is required from him. Additionally, an employee should dress well to give him confidence of addressing others and prepare himself physiologically for forums. Early preparation boosts interaction with other employees. Communication overload i s one of the barriers of effective communication in an organization. Communication overload may render information meaningless and it includes long and repetitive talking hours in meetings and forums. It may also mean sending meaningless or less important mails to employees .The distance between the sender such as the MD with the employees especially branch managers. Language barriers and cultural differences may hinder relay of information. An employee may communicate in a language

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Dr bob Essay Example for Free

Dr bob Essay Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-1848? Parliamentary reform and politics, c. 1780-1832 (a) Explain why the Reform Act of 1832 was passed. [24] (b) To what extent were the policies of the Younger Pitt the most significant influence on parliamentary reform and politics in the period 1780-1832? [36] 2. Popular protest, c. 1815-1848 (a) Explain why the Chartist movement began. [24] (b) To what extent was the growth of trade unionism the most significant influence on popular protest in the period 1815-18

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Strategic Planning In The Hospitality Industry Tourism Essay

Strategic Planning In The Hospitality Industry Tourism Essay The rapid development in the hospitality industry which has lead to importance of strategic planning required in order the firms can have a steady rise in the industry. The life standards of people have been improved due to globalisation which in deed contribute to the development of the hospitality industry. The diversification was a most important priority of the firms in order to utilise the high profiled customer base which they possessed .It is easy to target the customers who are in your door step and this lead to various formulation of strategic plans to target them. Key words: hospitality, strategic planning Strategic planning is an organization frame work of defining its strategy, or direction, and making decisions on allocating its resources to pursue this strategy, including its capital and people. Various business analysis techniques can be used in strategic planning, including SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats ) and PEST analysis (Political, Economic, Social, and Technological analysis) or STEER analysis (Socio-cultural, Technological, Economic, Ecological, and Regulatory factors) and EPISTEL (Environment, Political, Informatics, Social, Technological, Economic and Legal). Strategic planning is the official consideration of an organizations future course. All strategic planning deals with at least one of three key questions: What do we do? For whom do we do it? How do we excel? The  hospitality industry  consists of broad category of fields within the service industry that includes  lodging,  restaurants,  event planning,  theme parks,  transportation,  cruise line, and additional fields within the tourism industry. The hospitality industry is a several billion dollar industry that mostly depends on the availability of leisure time and disposable income. A hospitality unit such as a restaurant, hotel, or even an amusement park consists of multiple groups such as facility maintenance, direct operations (servers,  housekeepers, porters, kitchen workers,  bartenders, etc.), management, marketing, and human resources. The hospitality industry includes a wide range of organizations offering food service and accommodation. The hospitality industry is divided into sectors according to the skill-sets required for the work involved. Sectors include accommodation, food and beverage, meeting and events, gaming, entertainment and recreation, tourism services, and visitor information. (wikepedia n.d.) Strategic planning for the hospitality industry (1) The increasing popularity of strategic planning in recent times is attributed to accelerating changes in industries and economies and increasing global competition. (2) The rapid development of strategic-planning that executives find useful. Firms that engage in strategic planning tend to have higher performance. (3) A recent study of hotels in the United Kingdom found that business performance was positively associated with the thoroughness, sophistication, participation, and formality of strategic-planning processes. (4) Strategic analysis the systematic investigation of a firm and its environment is the foundation of the strategic management process. STRATEGIC PLANNING IN JACK IN THE BOX Jack in the Box recently announced plans to open 100 to 150 restaurants combined with convenience stores over the next five years. The stores will feature full-size restaurants and also sell gasoline and other typical convenience store items such as bread and milk. How did Jack in the Box arrive at this decision? According to the companys CEO, Bob Nugent, an analysis of the convenience-store market indicated that there was plenty of opportunity, primarily because no individual company dominates. The largest player in the convenience-store industry which dominated the market, 7-Eleven, Inc., controls slightly over 4 percent of the market. Compare this to fast foods, where McDonalds controls 43 percent of the market and Jack in the Box a mere 4.6 percent. Nugent also justifies his decision on the basis of research which indicates that a convenience-store customer is twice as likely to eat fast food as a non-convenience-store customer. (5) Strategic analysis can provide excellent information on which to base long-range decisions such as this one. Knowledge is one of the most important competitive weapons a firm can possess. (6) As the Jack in the Box example illustrates, detailed knowledge about a firm and its environment can be used to generate new ideas for business  and to evaluate the feasibility of ideas before they are actually implemented. Strategic analysis also allows a firms managers to become more aware of the companys strengths and weaknesses and to understand the reasons behind successes and failures. Knowledge about the competitive environment can help to anticipate and plan for changes and predict how competitors or other stakeholders such as customers or suppliers will respond to new strategies or other organizational activities. Strategic analysis can open up channels of communication between high-level managers and subordinates, allowing them to share ideas and perspectives. The participative process will help subordinates to accept changes more readily after decisions are made. (Harrison April, 2003) STRATEGIC PLANS AT FelCor LODGING TRUST For FelCor Lodging Trust, one of the largest hotel real estate investment trusts (REITs) in the United States, a strategic planning exercise led the company to rethink its strategy. Calling itself the New FelCor, the firm has made dramatic steps toward repositioning itself. The firm business strategy is to dispose of nonstrategic hotels, including all of its Holiday Inn Hotels located in secondary and tertiary markets. After the sale, it will have lower exposure to markets with low barriers to entry. Other elements of the new business strategy are (1) To acquire hotels in high barrier to entry markets (2) To improve the competitive positioning of core hotels through aggressive asset management and the judicious application of capital in the industry (3) To pay down debt through a combination of operational cash flow and the sale of nonstrategic hotels. The company will become a lower leveraged company with a stronger and fully renovated portfolio of hotels. STRATEGIC THINKING AT STARWOOD When Starwood thought of expanding their business to a field which is relevant and easy to attract customers .They in hotel industry and had a close association with the luxury segment customers so they thought Expansion through Diversification strategy in order use their same luxury customer base to sell their newly introduced Heavenly Bed . Westin Hotels Resorts, with 169 hotels and resorts in more than 31 countries and territories, is owned by Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc The Heavenly Bed, first launched by the Westin brand of Starwood Hotels Resorts, has transformed the bed, a basic feature of any hotel room, into a luxurious object of desire, enhancing the revenues of the chain and leaving many hotel operators to follow suit with copycat linens and custom bedding of their own. The strategic process at Starwood began with consumer analysis and product testing. First, Westin conducted a study involving 600 business executives who travel frequently. The results showed that 84 percent said a luxurious bed would make a hotel room more attractive to them to enjoy the comfort. What is more, 63 percent said a good night sleep is the most important service a hotel can provide. Half of those surveyed said they sleep worse in hotels than at home. After testing 50 beds from 35 lodging chains, Westin developed its prototype all white Heavenly Bed with a custom designed pillow top mattress, goose down comforters, five pillows, and three crisp sheets ranging in thread count from 180 to 250. Once the product was designed and tested, the firm introduced the bed with a carefully planned marketing strategy are USA Today ran a story on the front page of its business section. The same day, 20 pristine white Heavenly Beds lined Wall Street up to the New York Stock Exchange in New York City. Inside the Stock Exchange, Barry Sternlicht, the then Chairman and CEO of Starwood Hotels Resorts rang the opening bell and threw out hats proclaiming, Work like the devil Sleep like an angel. Meanwhile, at New York Grand Central Station, 20 more beds graced one of the rotundas there, and commuters disembarking the trains were invited to try them out. Similar events were staged the same day at 38 locations across the United States, tailored to each city. Savannahs event featured a bed floating on a barge down the river with a landing skydiver. Seattle s event took place atop the Space Needle. To reinforce the message, a concurrent advertising campaign asked, Whos the best in bed? AN EMERGING RETAIL STRATEGY FOR THE HEAVENLY BED In the early stages of introducing the heavenly bed .In the first week of launching the Westin Heavenly Bed, 32 guests were interested to buy the bed. A light bulb went on. Westin executives put order cards with a toll free number in every room. They started placing catalogs by bedsides and desks and set up a web site. By June of 2004, Westin had sold 20,000 pillows $ 75 for the king sized version and 3,500 bed/bedding combos, at $ 2,965 each, enough to spread the idea throughout Starwood, with the Sheraton, St. Regis, and W lines all turning into retailers. The unanticipated success of the Heavenly Bed has spawned a new business companies that help hotels run their retail arms. Boxport, a spin off of San Francisco based hotel procurer Higgins Purchasing Group, operates web sites and catalogs for several chains that now sell bedding. In order to determine where it is going, the organization needs to know exactly where it stands, then determine where it wants to go and how it will get there. The resulting document is called the strategic plan. It is also true that strategic planning may be a tool for effectively plotting the direction of a company; however, strategic planning itself cannot foretell exactly how the market will evolve and what issues will surface in the coming days in order to plan your organizational strategy. Therefore, strategic innovation and tinkering with the strategic plan have to be a cornerstone strategy for an organization to survive the turbulent business climate.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Methods Of Execution :: essays research papers fc

Methods of Execution One man's taking of another's life is generally seen as an unforgivable act which is punishable with death. When this is done as punishment however, it is seen as an honorary deed by removing this criminal from the world and making it a much safer place to live. With executions in mind, it is incredible what ingenious methods can be thought of by the human brain and the fact that the idea is centered around the murdering of one man does not even change how prodigious these innovations are seen to be. Many different techniques and procedures for execution are used throughout the world revealing much about a country's culture and their concern for their citizens. By far one of the most well known and publicly glamorized of all methods of execution is electrocution. Present in nine American states, it was first used in New York in 1890. When a condemned man is scheduled to be executed, he is led into the death chamber and strapped to the point of immobility into a reinforced chair with belts crossing his chest, groin, legs, and arms. Two copper electrodes, dipped in brine or treated with Eletro-Creme to increase conductivity, are attached to him, one to his leg and the other to his head. The first jolt, between five-hundred and two-thousand volts depending on the size of the prisoner, is given for 30 seconds. Smoke will begin to come out of the prisoner's leg and head and these areas may catch fire if the victim has been sweating profusely. A doctor will examine him and if he still shows life signs, more jolts of two-thousand volts are administered to finish the job (Matthews). A main reason for electrocution's original use was the thought that death was immediate. Unfortunately this is not the case. Doctors today believe that the victim feels "himself begin burned to death and suffocating since the shock cause respiratory paralysis as well as cardiac arrest. Because the energy of the shock paralyzes the muscles, he cannot cry out, and therefore is presumed dead ("This is your death..."). How ironic that one reason electrocution was kept in use was that, although expensive, it was immensely serene as far as the prisoner is concerned. Still used extensively throughout the world today and in its sole representing U.S. state, Utah, the firing squad has a much greater claim to being humane as bullets directly into the heart generally cause instantaneous death. Utah uses an extremely exact and well-practiced method which is immensely centered around concern for the victim by taking almost every precaution

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Criminal Recidivism Essay

Prisons today are overcrowded and are a growing problem in today’s society. â€Å"In 2008, the Pew Center on the States reported that incarceration levels had risen to a point where one in 100 American adults was behind bars. A second Pew study, the following year, added another disturbing dimension to the picture, revealing that one in 31 adults in the United States was either incarcerated or on probation or parole† (Pew Center on the States, 2011). It is very costly for the states to maintain the prisoners behind bars. It has been estimated that the cost of state spending on corrections is 52 billion dollars. Recidivism is a term used by law enforcement agencies that describes the tendency to relapse into criminal behavior. It involves a person being re-incarcerated or re-offending. â€Å"Inmates returning to state prisons within three years of release has remained steady for more than a decade; this is a strong indicator that prison systems are failing to deter criminals from re-offending. Using data from 41 states for prisoners released, â€Å"a study done by the Pew Center on the States found that slightly more than 4 in 10 offenders return to prison within three years† (Johnson, 2011). What has caused this rise in recidivism can be due to more studies being done, tracking recidivism more closely, and failure of prison systems/probation programs to rehabilitate inmates. â€Å"Prisons serve multiple purposes, including exacting retribution for breaking the law, separating offenders from society so they cannot commit more crimes, deterring the general population from committing crimes and discouraging incarcerated offenders from committing new crimes once they are released† (Pew Center on the States, 2011). One priority of prisons is to deter criminal activity through incarceration and rehabilitation of its criminals. One way to track rehabilitation of the criminals is by tracking the recidivism rates. This study includes data of prisoners released in 1999 and prisoners released in 2004. Thirty-one states offered data for 1999 and 41 states offered data for 2004. â€Å"The Pew/ASCA survey found the three-year return-to-prison rate for inmates released in 1999 to be 45. 4 percent, and 43. percent for those released in 2004† (2011). This study began its study by sending out surveys to all 50 states. â€Å"A self-selected survey or voluntary response survey is one in which people decide for themselves whether to be included in the survey† (Bennett, Briggs, & Triola, 2009, p. 37). Each prison facility decided whether they would be included in the study and they submitted information to the Pew Center of the States. Qualitative data was used to put values on the measurements. The process of binning was used to categorize the prisoners into three groups, which consisted of first release, all releases, return for new convictions, and return for violation of probation. â€Å"The relative frequency of any category is the proportion or percentage of the data values that fall in that category† (Bennett, et. al. , 2009, p. 94). They set up relative frequency tables to determine how many times the prisoners fell under the categories or bins. They used mean, median, and mode to get averages of prisoners released and re-offending. There were some outliers in the studies. Outliers are defined as â€Å"a value that is much higher or much lower than almost all other values† (Bennett, et. al. , 2009, p. 149). â€Å"State departments of correction reported on people who returned to one of their facilities, which would not count a former offender who was incarcerated in another state or depending on proximity to high-crime areas in neighboring states or major interstate drug corridors† (Johnson, 2011). The Pew Center of the States analyzed the data and concluded that by 2002, more than 45% in the first wave of releases returned to prison and in 2007, about 43% of the second group returned† (Johnson, 2011). They came up with these percentiles by looking at the total number of inmates released from each prison for each state and how many were re-incarcerated for new crimes or violation of probation. â€Å"One can approximate the percentile of any data value with the following formula: percentile of data value =number of values less than this data value/total number of values in data set† (Bennet, t. al. , 2009, p. 170). â€Å"At least 95 percent of inmates in America ultimately will be released and returned to the community. Keeping them crime and drug-free is no easy assignment. Many offenders lacked education, work experience, family support and a stable living situation before they were incarcerated, and many suffer from mental illness or a history of addiction† (The Pews Center of the states, 2011). Many also have the stigma that comes with having a criminal record and are unable to find work, so they resort back to robbery or stealing. Many times the released prisoners go back to hanging out with their old friends and then it is not long before they fall back into their old habits. In addition, the probation/parole divisions that are supposed to supervise the former inmates are overworked, have large caseloads, and limited technology to keep up with the former inmates.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Colonialization in Africa1 essays

Colonialization in Africa1 essays Each country in the entire world has experienced a great deal of change whether it be Religion, beliefs, food, or education. You may think that just because you live in the United States that every state has evolved the same, well not really at all the East coast was all founded years before the West and just like America other countries follow a similar pattern like Africa. There are so many different African countries that all have such different pasts and different stories. Even back when the countries were being inhabited or colonized, they were so similar being in the Sahara, yet so different in. So if all these places are so close yet so different does it change the atmosphere , or how does the colonialization of Northern, Southern, Western, and Eastern Africa change the face of the continent? Well here are some examples of four completely different African countries; Tunisia (north), Malawi (south), Djibouti (east), Sierra Leone (west). You will be amazed with all the di fferent histories and cultures each individual country has. Tunisia, a small beautiful country that sits at the top of the African coast was taken over by the French after they found interest in Tunisia's great location. The French signed the Bardo Treaty, which acknowledged Tunisia as a French protectorate. In the late 1880s a group of French settlers colonized the region along the northern coast. The settlers exerted a Western influence on the hitherto Arab culture. Tunisia has changed drastically from the colonization days they have enhanced into a culture that cares deeply about education, and the well being of all people. Tunisias main language is Arabic, yet French and English are widely spoken all over the country. Islam is the main religion, but there are also roman Catholics most of whom are French. Education is widely important and encouraged. The literacy rate is relatively high 40% higher then the other north African cou ...